脊髓解剖(spinal cord anatomy)

一、Segments (節): 31 segments.
 1) cervical segments (頸節): C 1 - 8
 2) thoracic segments (胸節):T 1 - 12
 3) lumbar segments (腰節): L 1 - 5
 4) sacral segments (骶節): S 1 - 5
 5) coccygeal segments (尾節): Co 1

資料來源:imaios
二、Enlargements (膨大):
 1) cervical enlargement (頸膨大) (C5-T1) :upper limb
 2) lumbosacral enlargement (腰骶膨大) (L2-S3) : lower limb

資料來源:medicinembbs
三、Gray matter (灰質)
  1.posterior horn (column) (後角)
   2.intermediate zone (中間帶) & lateral horn (側角) T1-L3
   central gray substance (中央灰質):
    anterior gray commissure
    posterior gray commissure
  3.anterior horn (前角)
四、Rexed laminae
1) posterior horn (column) (後角):
 Rexed lamina I (Waldeyer): posteromarginal nucleus (後角邊緣核)  -->pain & temperature
 Rexed lamina II: substantia gelatinosa (Rolando) (膠狀質) --> pain & temperature
 Rexed lamina III~IV:nucleus proprius (後角固有核)  --> somatic senses (軀體感覺): pain, temperaure, touch and Pressure( spinothalamic tract (脊髓丘腦束))
 Rexed lamina VI (locate in enlargements): deep sensory (深感覺)
 Rexed lamina V:
     a. lateral part (外側部): reticular formation(RF) (網狀結構)
     b. medial part (內側部): 內臟感覺 --> spinothalamic tract (脊髓丘腦束)
 laminae V + VI ← 後根+大腦運動區+大腦感覺區[調節運動]
2) intermediate zone (中間帶) & lateral horn (側角):
 Rexed lamina VII
  i. nucleus thoracicus (胸核) (dorsal nucleus, Clarke's column 背核, Clarke柱) (C8 – L3) → post. spinocerebellar tract (脊髓小腦後束) →cerebellum
  ii. intermediomedial nucleus (中間內側核)-->visceral sensory
  iii. intermediolateral nucleus (中間外側核) (T1-L2,3) -->sympathetic ganglion
  iv. sacral parasympathetic nucleus (骶副交感核) (S2-4)-->pelvic splanchnic nn.(盆內臟神經)-->pelvic viscera (盆部內臟)
  Rexed lamina X: central gray matter(中央灰質)
3) anterior horn (前角)
 Rexed lamina VIII (intermedian neurons):網狀脊髓束, 前庭脊髓束, 內側縱束
      Rexed lamina IX α- &γ- motor neurons
 Rexed lamina IX:  brain (腦)

 anterior motor neurons (前角運動神經元):
        - medial groups (內側群) → muscles of trunk
        - lateral groups (外側群) → muscles of limb
   α-motor neuron (α-運動神經元) → extrafusal (skeletal) fibers (梭外肌纖維)
        voluntary movement (隨意運動)
   γ-motor neuron (γ-運動神經元) → intrafusal fibers (梭內肌纖維). muscular tension (肌張力), coordination (肌協調)
資料來源:百度文庫
資料來源:virtualmedstudent
五、White matter (白質)
 1) divisions (分區):
   i. anterior funiculus (前索)
   ii. lateral funiculus (外側索)
  iii. posterior funiculus (后索)

參見:脊髓(Spinal cord)
▼脊髓(spinal cord) 顯示/隱藏(show/hide)

3 意見:

  1. 2) lumbosacral enlargement (腰骶膨大) 是T11-L2吧?

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    1. 回樓上 您說的應該是TV11-LV2 那是脊椎骨的高度沒錯
      但我想內文指的是脊神經的L2-S3分支
      兩者的高度是相同的喔
      btw春假還要讀神解辛苦惹 我也正在QQ

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  2. 我的母親發生車禍在第三腰椎、第四腰椎、第五腰椎及第一薦椎滑脫併有脊髓壓迫,請問這是中樞神經的傷害嗎?

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