強調三個方格之間鐵的循環
Bone marrow：人體每小時可由骨隨生成約10的10次方個、計0.3克的紅血球。強調其生成的高效性。
Circulation：人體內循環系統保持有10的13次方的紅血球數，900克。
Tissue macrophage system：體內每小時破壞掉10的10次方個、0.3克的old erythrocyte（衰老紅血球）。破壞掉後的剩餘碎片，由tissue macrophage system（組織中有巨噬細胞的部位）處理掉，以保持血球數量的恆定
※主要的部位是脾臟，少部分在肝臟
最後被分解為膽色素和鐵，隨糞便和尿液排出體外
1. 血球生成
造血幹細胞在正常情形下會持續產生血球
資料來源：維基百科
2. 紅血球生成(Generation of red blood cells)
A.紅血球在生理代謝中佔非常重要的部分，紅血球中所含有的血紅蛋白(hemoglobin)是運送氧氣重要成分
B.紅血球源自於Proerythroblast，經過一連串分化增值而形成紅血球
I. 前紅血球母細胞(proerythroblast) → 嗜鹼性紅血球母細胞(basophil erythroblast) → 多染色性紅血球母細胞(polychromatophil erythroblast) →正染色性紅血球母細胞(orthrochromatic erythroblast) → 網狀血球(reticulocyte) → 紅血球
資料來源：medicinexplained
II. 從前紅血球母細胞到正染色性紅血球母細胞的過程，都在骨髓中完成，且需要EPO紅血球生成素的幫忙
III. 在骨髓中前半段的過程需要為維生素B12(Vitamin B12)和維生素B9(vitamin B9)的幫忙，幫忙細胞DNA的ATGC中T的合成，後半段則需要亞鐵幫忙血紅素的生成
IV. 在剛開始的製造過程中，因為紅血球尚未形成血紅素，所以形狀和一般不一樣，也不是紅紅一顆一顆的
V. 到網狀血球時，大部份胞器都消失了，剩下高爾基氏體等胞器，故稱之網狀血球，此時會鑽出骨髓到血管中，約需1~2天
四、 血紅素
1. 血紅素中心的鐵離子（Fe+2）可以和氧氣形成疏鬆的鍵結，是紅血球能夠攜帶氧氣的關鍵！
2. 如果身體內的血液不夠，可能會造成Iron deficiency anemia（缺鐵性貧血）
※缺鐵性貧血並不是疾病，只是徵狀
3. Deoxygenated hemoglobin（去氧血紅素）與Oxyhemoglobin（攜氧血紅素）
資料來源：美國華盛頓大學
▼血液(blood)
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好酷
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