官能基與其前後綴字命名法(functional group designation)

官能基族	通式	基名稱	後綴字
alcoholate	-O(-)	Oxido-	-olate
alcohols	-OH	Hydroxyl-	-ol
ether	-OR	(R)-oxy-	無
pereoxide	-O-OR	(R)-peroxy-	無
thiols	-SH	Sulfanyl- mercapto-	-thiol
sulfides	-SR	(R)-sulfanyl	無
amines	-NH2	Amino-	-amine
Carboxylic acids	-CO2H	Carboxy-	-carboxylic acid
Carboxylate salts	-CO2(-) M(+)	無	(Cation)…carboxylate (cation)…oate
Acid halides	-CO-X	Halocarbonyl-無	-carbonyl halide -oyl halide
esters	-COOR	(R)- oxycarbonyl-無	(R)…carboxylate (R)…oate
hydroperoxides	-O-OH	Hydroperoxy-	無
aldehydes	-CH=O	Formyl-無	-carbaldehyde -al
ketones	C=O	-oxo	-one
imines	C=NR	(R)-imino-	imine
nitriles	-C≡N	Cyano-無	-carbonitrile -nitrile
Sulfonic acid	-SO2H	Sulfo-	-sulfonic aicd