元母音
A
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I
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U
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E
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o͘(大寫)
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O
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a
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i
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u
|
e
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o͘
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o
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ㄚ
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ㄧ
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ㄨ
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ㄝ
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ㄛ
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ㄜ
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---
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---
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---
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---
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---
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---
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元母音衍生
ai
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ia
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ui
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oa
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ㄚㄧ=ㄞ
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ㄧㄚ
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ㄨㄧ
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ㄜㄚ=ㄨㄚ
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哀
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呀
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威
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---
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au
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iu
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oe
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ㄚㄨ=ㄠ
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ㄧㄨ=u
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ㄜㄝ=ㄨㄝ
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凹
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幽
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鍋
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io
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oai
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ㄧㄜ=ㄧㄡ
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ㄜㄞ=ㄨㄞ
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腰
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歪
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iau
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ㄧㄠ
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餓
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鼻音化母音
A°
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I°
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E°
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o͘°(大寫),可寫作O°
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a°
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i°
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e°
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o͘°,可寫作O°
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ㄚ(代鼻音)
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ㄧ(代鼻音)
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ㄝ(代鼻音)
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ㄛ(代鼻音)
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---
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---
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嬰
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---
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鼻音化母音衍生
ai°
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ia°
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oa°
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oai°
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ㄚㄧ=ㄞ(帶鼻音)
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ㄧㄚ(帶鼻音)
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ㄜㄚ=ㄨㄚ
(帶鼻音)
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ㄜㄞ=ㄨㄞ
(帶鼻音)
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---
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---
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鞍
|
彎
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音節化母音
M
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-N
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NG
|
m
|
n
|
ng
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合唇音(帶鼻音)
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ㄣ(帶鼻音)
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ㄥ(帶鼻音)
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---
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---
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秧
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音節化母音衍生
am
|
an
|
ang
|
---
|
---
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ㄤ
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掩
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安
|
丈夫
|
im
|
in
|
eng
|
---
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---
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ㄧㄣ(帶鼻音)
|
音
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他們
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英
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iam
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ian
|
iang
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---
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---
|
---
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閹
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菸
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央
|
om
|
ong
|
iong
|
---
|
---
|
---
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摀
|
---
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---
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入聲母音
-P
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-T
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-K
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-H
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-p
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-t
|
-k
|
-h
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華語無入聲韻尾
| |||
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
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入聲母音衍生
ap
|
at
|
ak
|
ah
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
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壓
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折
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澆
|
鴨
|
ip
|
it
|
ih
| |
---
|
---
|
---
| |
---
|
乙
|
---
| |
ut
|
uh
| ||
---
|
---
| ||
熨
|
---
| ||
iat
|
ek
|
eh
| |
---
|
---
|
---
| |
---
|
溢
|
噎
| |
op
|
ok
|
o͘h
| |
---
|
---
|
---
| |
---
|
惡
|
---
| |
oh
| |||
---
| |||
慢
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子音(1)
P
|
PH
|
T
|
TH
|
K
|
KH
|
CH
|
CHH
|
p
|
ph
|
t
|
th
|
k
|
kh
|
ch
|
chh
|
ㄅ
|
ㄆ
|
ㄉ
|
ㄊ
|
ㄍ
|
ㄎ
|
ㄗ
|
ㄘ
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
子音(2)
B
|
G
|
NG
|
b
|
g
|
ng
|
華語無這些音
| ||
---
|
---
|
---
|
子音(3)
M
|
L
|
N
|
m
|
l
|
n
|
ㄇ
|
ㄌ
|
ㄋ
|
---
|
---
|
---
|
子音(4)
H
|
S
|
J
|
h
|
s
|
j
|
ㄏ
|
ㄙ
|
ㄖ的不捲舌
|
---
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---
|
---
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臺語八調
不加註
|
ˊ
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ˋ
|
後有p,t,k,h
|
︿
|
除海口音外,與第二聲同。
|
-
|
︱
|
a,i,u,
e,o,o͘ |
á,í,ú,
é,ó,ó͘ |
à,ì,ù,
è,ò,ò͘ |
ap,at,ak,ah,ip
,it,ih,ut,uh,ek, eh,op,ok,oh,o͘h |
â,î,û,
ê,ô,ô͘ |
á,í,ú,
é,ó,ó͘ |
ä,ī,ū,
ē,ō͘ |
ã,i̍,u̍,
e̍, |
33
|
321
|
11
|
20
|
12
|
23
|
22
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30
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台語變調
若兩個字之間加註一「-」,則前面的字都要變調。
規則為5à7à3à2à1à7,4變高,8變低。
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a前變調
a前的變調表示小或可愛或略微輕視的用語
規則為3,5,7聲都變成中音到高音之間。
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固定輕聲變調
固定輕聲變調不論前面是第幾聲,輕聲字一律讀的比第三聲還低、還輕、還短。
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不固定輕聲變調
如果輕聲前的字是第一聲à輕聲字接近第一聲
如果輕聲前的字是第五、七聲à輕聲字接近第七聲
如果輕聲前的字是第二、三、四、八聲à輕聲字接近第三聲
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