Leishmania(利什曼原蟲)

學名
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
中文名
內臟利什曼原蟲
杜氏利什曼原蟲
熱帶利什曼原蟲
巴西利什曼原蟲
體型
 
 
 
移動
 
 
 
內容物
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
人類角色(宿主)/完整宿主圈
Human
Promastigote
進入人體馬上變成amastigote
sandfly

amastigote
感染的macrophage-->白蛉的中腸中形成Promastigote
 
 
有性生殖
均有無性生殖
 
 
 
transmitting agent/
vector
sandfly(白蛉)
sandfly(白蛉)
sandfly(白蛉)
寄生位置
網狀內皮系統(reticuloendothelial system):脾臟、肝臟、骨髓、淋巴結
皮膚
皮膚黏膜
毒素
脂磷酸聚醣(lipophosphoglycanLPG):毒性來源
脂磷酸聚醣(lipophosphoglycanLPG):毒性來源
脂磷酸聚醣(lipophosphoglycanLPG):毒性來源
感染方式
進入cell
配體-受體結合途徑
抗體、補體與FcC3b結合
kala azar
是利用抗原和相對應的抗體(IgGIgM)結合,使紅血球溶解
 
 
移行
 
 
 
Ring form
-
-
-
Trophozoite
-
-
-
Schizont
-
-
-
gametocyte
anopheles
-
-
-
oocyst/特別提及:cyst
-
-
-
Amastigote
animal hostmacrophage
animal hostmacrophage
animal hostmacrophage
Promastigote
vector的中腸
vector的中腸
vector的中腸
Epimastigote
-
-
-
Trypomastigote
-
-
-
incubation peroid
 
 
 
流行病學
亞洲、非洲、南歐
亞洲、非洲、南歐
中南美洲
診斷
脾臟穿刺(puncture
Hb
只有7.5g
RBC
3000多個
WBC
1800左右
Alb/Glob
3.1/6.6和正常人的顛倒,Glob特別高
Culture
PCR
,最準確
Immunodiagnosis
,看有沒有抗體
Culture
PCR
,最準確
Immunodiagnosis
,看有沒有抗體
Culture
PCR
,最準確
Immunodiagnosis
,看有沒有抗體
疾病
kala-azar =black disease黑熱病:脾臟變硬
在早期會有發燒(low-graded fever)、 虛弱(malais)、流汗(sweating);在晚期會有間歇性的發燒(intermittenet fever)以及肝和脾腫起來
dumdum fever
一天有兩次高峰的發燒
WBC
RBC在血液中的量都會減少
erythema(紅斑)和induration(結節)容易復發,所以Dry Cutaneous Leishmaniasis又稱作"復發型(recidivans)"
Delhi ulcer
Aleppo
Delhi or Baghdad boil
Espundia 鼻咽粘膜利什曼原蟲病:鼻黏膜潰瘍
chiclero ulcer
採樣後出現潰瘍
Uta
共同疾病
 
 
 
治療
 
 
 
預防
 
疫苗可以預防
 
備註
 

 

Leishmania major: oriental sore(東方瘡):Wet Cutaneous Leishmaniasis的別稱,無痛的丘疹(papule)然後在形成橢圓形的潰瘍(oval ulcer[painless papule→oval ulcer→dry type, wet type] 
▼寄生蟲(parasite) 顯示/隱藏(show/hide)

6 意見:

  1. Oriental sore 是 Wet Cutaneous Leishmaniasis的別稱吧?!(由L.Major 引起,會產生大片潰瘍,比Dry Cutaneous Leishmaniasis好的快)
    Leishmania tropica 引起的疾病應該是erythema(紅斑)和induration(結節)

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    回覆
    1. 感謝您提供寶貴的意見 不過這部分的資料我不太清楚,可能需要查證

      刪除
  2. 上面說的erythema(紅斑)和induration(結節)容易復發,所以Dry Cutaneous Leishmaniasis又稱作"復發型(recidivans)"

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  4. Chiclero’s ulcer由皮膚型利什曼原蟲造成,所以主要為墨西哥利什曼原蟲的症狀,非巴西利什曼原蟲

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